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Jesus as the Good Shepherd instead of the Universal Savior


How Christians view Jesus determines what they do. If you have been reading our articles and newsletters for very long, then you know there is a big difference between the Jewish Jesus we read about in the Synoptic Gospels and doctrinal Jesus created by generations of church theologians. The primary difference between the two is that the Jewish Jesus focused on what people are to do now, while the doctrinal Jesus focuses on what people will do in the hereafter.

One of the most revealing teachings of the Jewish Jesus is that he has come to fulfill the role of Ezekiel’s “Good Shepherd.” Pay close attention to what Ezekiel wrote about what the Good Shepherd will do.

The word of YAHWEH came to me: “Son of man, prophesy against the shepherds of Israel; prophesy, and say to them: “To the shepherds – thus says YAHWEH; “Woe to the shepherds of Israel who have been feeding themselves! Should not shepherds feed the flock? You eat the fat, you clothe yourselves with the wool, you slaughter the choice animals, but you do not feed the sheep![i]

The leaders of Israel were destroying the lives and quality of life of the people they were supposed to be guarding and protecting. They were predators instead of the shepherds.  

You have not strengthened the weak, healed the sick, bandaged the injured, brought back the strays, or sought the lost, but with force and harshness you have ruled over themThey were scattered because they had no shepherd, and they became food for every wild beastMy sheep wandered over all the mountains and on every high hill. My sheep were scattered over the entire face of the earth with no one looking or searching for them.”[ii]

The political and religious leaders were predators that used force to rule their people, instead of using their power to meet needs of the people. They were completely disconnected from the people and saw them only as ways to satisfy their appetites, desires and longings.

Shepherds, hear the word of YAHWEH`As surely as I live, declares YAHWEH, my sheep have become prey and have become food for all the wild beasts. There was no shepherd, and my shepherds did not search for my flock, but fed themselves and did not feed my sheep.[iii]

Isaiah addressed the same situation centuries before Ezekiel was born.

See how the faithful city has become a prostitute! She once was full of justice; TZEDAQAH (righteousness) used to dwell in her — but now murderers! Your silver has become dross, your choice wine is diluted with water. 

Your rulers are rebels, partners with thieves; they all love bribes and chase after gifts. They do not defend the cause of the fatherless; the widow’s case does not come before them. . . I will restore your leaders as in days of old, your rulers as at the beginning. Afterward you will be called the City of TZEDAQAH, the Faithful City.”[iv]

The predator political and religious leaders “chase after bribes” instead of “pursuing TZEDAQAH” (righteousness). They were partners with thieves instead of defenders of the weakest members of their nation.  Their justice system took care of those who bribed them, but ignored those who could not pay them. Obviously, the justice system which they controlled turned a blind eye to their crimes. Isaiah’s words reminded me of a recent interview aired by the CBS program 60 Minutes with Jack Abramoff, the notorious former lobbyist who was at the center of Washington's biggest corruption scandal in decades and spent three years in prison. Pay close attention to what Abramoff said:

I think people are under the impression that the corruption only involves somebody handing over a check and getting a favor. And that's not the case. The corruption, the bribery, call it, because ultimately that's what it is. That's what the whole system is. . . In my view. I'm talking about giving a gift to somebody who makes a decision on behalf of the public. At the end of the day, that's really what bribery is. But it is done every day and it is still being done. The truth is there were very few members who I could even name or could think of who didn't at some level participate in that.[v]

Sounds like Americans are facing the same problem today. But there is a major difference between ancient Israel and America. We have a way to change things. The ancient Israelites didn’t have the power to vote and participate in choosing who their leaders would be. We do! Now let’s return to Ezekiel’s prophecy.

Shepherds, hear the word of YAHWEH! This is what YAHWEH says: Look, I am against the shepherds, and I will demand my sheep from their hand. I will no longer let them be shepherds; the shepherds will not feed themselves anymore. I will rescue my sheep from their mouth, so that they will no longer be food for them.[vi]

How will YAHWEH do the things above? The answer was well-known to the people living in Israel at the time of Jesus. Ezekiel’s prophecy fueled Second Temple messianic expectations.

I will set one shepherd over them, and he will feed them – namely, my servant DavidHe will feed them and will be their shepherdI, YAHWEH, will be their ELOHIYM, and my servant David will be prince among them.[vii]

King David had been dead for centuries by the time of Ezekiel. So, obviously the prophecy wasn’t about him. A descendant of David will be the Good Shepherd. Jesus made it very clear that he saw himself in the role of fulfilling this prophecy when he said, “I was sent only to the lost sheep of the house of Israel,”[viii] and “for the Son of Man has come to seek and save the lost.”[ix] Jesus also taught about a “Covenant of SHALOM” which was also based on Ezekiel’s words.

I will make a covenant of SHALOM with them and will rid the land of wild beasts, so that they can live securely in the wilderness and even sleep in the woods. I will turn them and the regions around my hill into a blessing. I will make showers come down in their season; they will be showers that bring blessing.[x]

Then they will know that I, YAHWEH their ELOHIYM, am with them, and that they are My people, the House of Israel, declares YAHWEHAnd you, My sheep, the sheep of My pasture, are My people, and I am your ELOHIYM, declares YAHWEH.[xi]

This is the “Covenant of SHALOM” that Jesus declared would be fulfilled as he taught on the mountain that day. He saw himself as the “Good Shepherd” and his disciples as co-creators of SHALOM (wholeness & completeness). There is no doubt that the leaders of the Jewish nation were aware of the prophecies of Isaiah and Ezekiel. What do you think they thought as the words of Jesus made their way back to them? Jesus was redefining the popular messianic expectations of the Jews. Instead of being the Anointed One that would drive out the foreign oppressors of the people, his focus was freeing them for their own leaders who were predators.

I seriously doubt that the leaders would have cared about what Jesus was doing if he had simply been teaching people that what he wanted them to do was believe the correct doctrines about him so they could go to heaven. What would happen if the focus of today’s followers of Jesus decided to do what Jesus taught and become the Good Shepherds of their generation? What would happen if every church on the face of the earth taught that their goal is to fulfill the above words of Isaiah, Ezekiel and Jesus? Do you think St. Peter will welcome those who were the Good Shepherds of their generation or those with “good doctrines?”

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Shalom and be empowered!


[i] Ezekiel 34:1-3
[ii] Ezekiel 34:4-6
[iii] Ezekiel 34:7-8
[iv] Isaiah 1:21-26
[vi] Ezekiel 34:9-10
[vii] Ezekiel 34:23-24
[viii] Matthew 15:24
[ix] Luke 19:10
[x] Ezekiel 34:25-26
[xi] Ezekiel 34:30-31

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